Satellite gravity observation and hydrological modelling-based integrated groundwater storage change in Northwestern India

Abstract This paper presents a novel approach for an improved estimate of regional groundwater storage (GWS) change in Northwestern India by integrating satellite-based Gravity Recovery and Climate Exchange (GRACE) gravity observation hydrological modelling satellite/in situ hydrometeorological data. Initially, GRACE observation-based terrestrial water (TWS) model-based TWS products were integrated using weight coefficients derived from multi-linear regression analysis vs governing components. Later, the monthly average soil moisture was subtracted individual to obtain GWS products. By spatial correlation analysis, three then compared with level (GWL) fluctuation-based change. Hydrological model, spaceborne observation, show positive ∼59, ∼69, ∼73% area While considers geology, terrain, conditions, includes withdrawal aquifers. All factors are included product. The overcomes limitations (spatial resolution, factors), (groundwater conditions), conventional GWL method (inadequate continuity cumbersome, labour-intensive exercise).